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SQL Server Database: 5 Building and Maintenance Mistakes
The creation and maintenance of a SQL server database environment is no simple task. Quite a few parameters regarding troubleshooting, support and design must be considered. Disregarding certain details or making small mistakes can really make this a difficult job.
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Here are five frequent mistakes that happen with the construction and maintenance of a SQL server database environment. There are, of course, more, but tackling these will hopefully keep you on the right track.
1. Insufficient Backup Planning
Failure to regularly backup your databases is an invitation for disaster. An acceptable backup plan should make backups regularly, be able to find and restore data from backup storage, and also have storage locations other than the database server. Make a point to perform backups early and often. You will never want to come across a scenario where you don't have the backed up data.
2. Use of Ad Hoc Queries
Stored procedures on the application level should be the only way a user can access the database. Ad hoc queries enable users to write their own code against the database with SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE permissions. EXECUTE is the only permission allowed through stored procedures which, in turn, will lead the preservation of the data and also enhanced performance through caching and compiling. The right way to optimize and SQL server is to eliminate a majority or all ad hoc queries.
3. Improper Testing
Just like having a bad backup plan, if you put code in production before it is tested you are putting yourself in a bad spot. Not providing for beta and on-going testing is also a mistake. An optimal pre-production test should be as similar as possible to the production environment. A small database meant for testing purposes probably won't scale well to a fully functional production environment. Testing now is always better than fixing later.
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4. Not Enough Monitoring
You should not assume that your database is already optimized and has no issues with performance. Continued SQL optimization requires regular performance monitoring to ensure a quality end user experience. Improper monitoring will pose a risk of hindering performance due to queries and applications tying up too many system resources. SQL server queries and hardware environments must be monitored and optimized to ensure proper performance. An SQL monitor will enable you to capture performance trends over time so that you can create tuning plans to improve performance.
5. Insufficient Change Management Processes
There needs to be a lot of thought put into changing even the most stable production environments. They require proper planning, testing, and implementation procedures. Utilizing a process for change management will provide improved structure for changes that need to be made. Documentation of how, when, and why database changes are to occur enables quick reversions in case database changes don’t go as planned. Diligent pre-production testing should also be a part of your change management process. One simple hint: document everything.